Terrorism and Rural Entrepreneurship in Punjab
Summary. Terrorism in Punjab during the 1980s-1990s disrupted established rural businesses, forcing dominant merchant classes to abandon their enterprises and migrate to cities. Agricultural communities, particularly Jat Sikhs enriched by the green revolution, filled this economic vacuum and entered business sectors previously closed to them. The paper argues that political violence fundamentally reshaped rural entrepreneurship patterns and that political factors are essential to understanding entrepreneurial development.
Cite this article
Bal, G., & Judge, P. S.. (2001). Terrorism and Rural Entrepreneurship in Punjab. The Journal of Entrepreneurship. https://doi.org/10.1177/097135570101000204
Bal, Gurpreet, and Paramjit S. Judge. “Terrorism and Rural Entrepreneurship in Punjab.” The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1177/097135570101000204.
Bal, Gurpreet, and Paramjit S. Judge. 2001. “Terrorism and Rural Entrepreneurship in Punjab.” The Journal of Entrepreneurship. https://doi.org/10.1177/097135570101000204.
@article{bal-2001-terrorism-rural-entrepreneurship-punjab,
title = {Terrorism and Rural Entrepreneurship in Punjab},
author = {Gurpreet Bal and Paramjit S. Judge},
journal = {The Journal of Entrepreneurship},
year = {2001},
doi = {10.1177/097135570101000204},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/097135570101000204}
}
TY - JOUR TI - Terrorism and Rural Entrepreneurship in Punjab AU - Gurpreet Bal AU - Paramjit S. Judge JO - The Journal of Entrepreneurship PY - 2001 DO - 10.1177/097135570101000204 UR - https://doi.org/10.1177/097135570101000204 ER -
Details
- DOI
- 10.1177/097135570101000204
- Countries
- India
- Regions
- Asia
- Categories
- entrepreneurship, policy
- Added
- 2026-04-28