Intellectual Property and Agricultural Science and Innovation in Germany and the United States

Barbara Brandl, Leland Glenna · 2016 · Science Technology & Human Values

Summary. The paper challenges the dominant U.S. theory that treats scientific knowledge as either a public or private good. By examining Germany's approach to agricultural science as a club good, the authors compare how the United States and Germany manage food and agricultural research differently. They argue these distinct approaches have different impacts on social welfare and call for democratic debate on how to best govern scientific knowledge for public benefit.

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Brandl, B., & Glenna, L.. (2016). Intellectual Property and Agricultural Science and Innovation in Germany and the United States. Science Technology & Human Values. https://doi.org/10.1177/0162243916675954

@article{brandl-2016-intellectual-property-agricultural-science-innovation,
  title   = {Intellectual Property and Agricultural Science and Innovation in Germany and the United States},
  author  = {Barbara Brandl and Leland Glenna},
  journal = {Science Technology & Human Values},
  year    = {2016},
  doi     = {10.1177/0162243916675954},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1177/0162243916675954}
}

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Intellectual Property and Agricultural Science and Innovation in Germany and the United States
AU  - Barbara Brandl
AU  - Leland Glenna
JO  - Science Technology & Human Values
PY  - 2016
DO  - 10.1177/0162243916675954
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Details

DOI: 10.1177/0162243916675954
Countries: United States, Germany
Regions: North America, Europe
Categories: policy, food-systems, innovation-theory
Added: 2026-04-28