Grid-Forming Inverter Control for Black-Start and Islanded Operation in Renewable-Dominated Rural Microgrids: Application to Off-Grid Communities in Sub-Saharan Africa

Amara Diallo, Nneka Okafor · 2025 · Aintelia Science Notes

Summary. Grid-forming inverter control enables reliable standalone operation of solar-battery mini-grids in off-grid communities across Sub-Saharan Africa. The authors demonstrate a droop-based control system with black-start capability for a 48 kWp solar and 100 kWh battery mini-grid serving 320 households in Senegal. Simulations and hardware testing confirm stable voltage and frequency regulation, rapid system restart, and effective load sharing between parallel inverters, providing a replicable technical model for rural electrification.

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@article{diallo-2025-grid-forming-inverter-control-black,
  title   = {Grid-Forming Inverter Control for Black-Start and Islanded Operation in Renewable-Dominated Rural Microgrids: Application to Off-Grid Communities in Sub-Saharan Africa},
  author  = {Amara Diallo and Nneka Okafor},
  journal = {Aintelia Science Notes},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.68099/asnj.2025.84},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.68099/asnj.2025.84}
}

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Grid-Forming Inverter Control for Black-Start and Islanded Operation in Renewable-Dominated Rural Microgrids: Application to Off-Grid Communities in Sub-Saharan Africa
AU  - Amara Diallo
AU  - Nneka Okafor
JO  - Aintelia Science Notes
PY  - 2025
DO  - 10.68099/asnj.2025.84
UR  - https://doi.org/10.68099/asnj.2025.84
ER  - 

Details

DOI

10.68099/asnj.2025.84

Countries

Senegal

Regions

Africa

Categories

energy, regional-innovation-systems, general-innovation

Added

2026-10-01