Triple Helix Clusters: Boundary Permeability at University—Industry—Government Interfaces as a Regional Innovation Strategy

Henry Etzkowitz · 2012 · Environment and Planning C Government and Policy

Summary. Successful regional innovation requires permeable boundaries between universities, industry, and government. The paper examines MIT-Boston, Stanford-Silicon Valley, Research Triangle-North Carolina, and Newcastle-Northeast UK to show that entrepreneurial universities drive innovation regions. While no single best-practice model exists, boundary permeability and other common innovation characteristics can be strengthened through targeted policy initiatives.

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@article{etzkowitz-2012-triple-helix-clusters-boundary-permeability,
  title   = {Triple Helix Clusters: Boundary Permeability at University—Industry—Government Interfaces as a Regional Innovation Strategy},
  author  = {Henry Etzkowitz},
  journal = {Environment and Planning C Government and Policy},
  year    = {2012},
  doi     = {10.1068/c1182},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1068/c1182}
}

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Triple Helix Clusters: Boundary Permeability at University—Industry—Government Interfaces as a Regional Innovation Strategy
AU  - Henry Etzkowitz
JO  - Environment and Planning C Government and Policy
PY  - 2012
DO  - 10.1068/c1182
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1068/c1182
ER  - 

Details

DOI

10.1068/c1182

Countries

United States, United Kingdom

Regions

North America, Europe

Categories

regional-innovation-systems, policy, innovation-networks, general-innovation

Added

2026-04-28