Closed or open innovation? Problem solving and the governance choice

Teppo Felin, Todd Zenger · 2013 · Research Policy

Summary. Open and closed innovation represent distinct governance structures with different costs and benefits. The authors argue that innovation problems should be matched to appropriate governance forms based on problem type. They identify four open innovation models—markets, partnerships, contests, and user communities—and compare them with two closed forms: authority-based and consensus-based hierarchies. Each governance form uses different communication channels, incentives, and property rights mechanisms.

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Felin, T., & Zenger, T.. (2013). Closed or open innovation? Problem solving and the governance choice. Research Policy. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2013.09.006

@article{felin-2013-closed-open-innovation-problem-solving,
  title   = {Closed or open innovation? Problem solving and the governance choice},
  author  = {Teppo Felin and Todd Zenger},
  journal = {Research Policy},
  year    = {2013},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.respol.2013.09.006},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2013.09.006}
}

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TI  - Closed or open innovation? Problem solving and the governance choice
AU  - Teppo Felin
AU  - Todd Zenger
JO  - Research Policy
PY  - 2013
DO  - 10.1016/j.respol.2013.09.006
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Details

DOI: 10.1016/j.respol.2013.09.006
Countries: United Kingdom, United States
Regions: Europe, North America
Categories: innovation-theory, innovation-networks, general-innovation
Added: 2026-04-28