Understanding inclusive innovation processes in agricultural systems: A middle-range conceptual model

Elizabeth Hoffecker · 2021 · World Development

Summary. This paper develops a middle-range theory explaining how inclusive innovation works in smallholder agricultural systems across the Global South. By analyzing three cases from South America, Southeast Asia, and Africa, the author identifies a consistent pattern: initial activities alter local context, triggering social learning, social capital strengthening, and consensus formation. These mechanisms drive technical, organizational, and institutional innovation. The model provides practitioners and researchers with a framework for understanding, facilitating, and evaluating inclusive agricultural innovation processes.

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Hoffecker, E.. (2021). Understanding inclusive innovation processes in agricultural systems: A middle-range conceptual model. World Development. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105382

@article{hoffecker-2021-understanding-inclusive-innovation-processes-agricultural,
  title   = {Understanding inclusive innovation processes in agricultural systems: A middle-range conceptual model},
  author  = {Elizabeth Hoffecker},
  journal = {World Development},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105382},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105382}
}

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Understanding inclusive innovation processes in agricultural systems: A middle-range conceptual model
AU  - Elizabeth Hoffecker
JO  - World Development
PY  - 2021
DO  - 10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105382
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Details

DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105382
Countries: United States
Regions: North America
Categories: agtech, innovation-theory, regional-innovation-systems
Added: 2026-04-28