Digital Platforms, the Digital Divide, and Women’s Empowerment: A Rural–Urban Comparative Study of Digital Financial Inclusion

Elina Kanungo, Madhusmita Jena, Devika Agarwal · 2025 · International Journal of Advanced Research in Commerce Management & Social Science

Summary. Digital financial inclusion programs in India reach both rural and urban women, but with stark differences. Rural women in Odisha districts depend on family members to access services and face security concerns and access restrictions, limiting their independent use. Urban women use digital financial products more independently. The study reveals that trans women remain almost entirely excluded, showing that digital pathways alone cannot overcome structural barriers without targeted, gender-inclusive policies.

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@article{kanungo-2025-digital-platforms-digital-divide-women,
  title   = {Digital Platforms, the Digital Divide, and Women’s Empowerment: A Rural–Urban Comparative Study of Digital Financial Inclusion},
  author  = {Elina Kanungo and Madhusmita Jena and Devika Agarwal},
  journal = {International Journal of Advanced Research in Commerce Management & Social Science},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.62823/ijarcmss/8.4(ii).8359},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.62823/ijarcmss/8.4(ii).8359}
}

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Digital Platforms, the Digital Divide, and Women’s Empowerment: A Rural–Urban Comparative Study of Digital Financial Inclusion
AU  - Elina Kanungo
AU  - Madhusmita Jena
AU  - Devika Agarwal
JO  - International Journal of Advanced Research in Commerce Management & Social Science
PY  - 2025
DO  - 10.62823/ijarcmss/8.4(ii).8359
UR  - https://doi.org/10.62823/ijarcmss/8.4(ii).8359
ER  - 

Details

DOI

10.62823/ijarcmss/8.4(ii).8359

Countries

India

Regions

Asia

Categories

broadband-and-digital, policy, general-innovation

Added

2026-05-01