Evolution of strategic interactions from the triple to quad helix innovation models for sustainable development in the era of globalization

Josphert N. Kimatu · 2016 · Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship

Summary. The paper argues that sustainable economic development requires strategic interaction between government, universities, and industry—the triple helix model. As globalization and the service sector expanded, civil society emerged as a necessary fourth actor, creating the quad helix model. The author contends that developing and middle-income countries must adopt global best practices in science park creation within this quad helix framework to strengthen technological innovation and build competitive economic capacity.

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@article{kimatu-2016-evolution-strategic-interactions-triple-quad,
  title   = {Evolution of strategic interactions from the triple to quad helix innovation models for sustainable development in the era of globalization},
  author  = {Josphert N. Kimatu},
  journal = {Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship},
  year    = {2016},
  doi     = {10.1186/s13731-016-0044-x},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-016-0044-x}
}

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evolution of strategic interactions from the triple to quad helix innovation models for sustainable development in the era of globalization
AU  - Josphert N. Kimatu
JO  - Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship
PY  - 2016
DO  - 10.1186/s13731-016-0044-x
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-016-0044-x
ER  - 

Details

DOI

10.1186/s13731-016-0044-x

Countries

Kenya

Regions

Africa

Categories

innovation-theory, regional-innovation-systems, policy, general-innovation

Added

2026-04-28