Off-grid PV systems modelling and optimisation for rural communities - leveraging understandability and interpretability of modelling tools

Rundong Liao, Massimiliano Manfren, Benedetto Nastasi · 2025 · Energy

Summary. This paper develops a transparent, open-source framework for designing off-grid solar photovoltaic systems in rural buildings. The authors combine particle swarm optimization with physics-informed modeling tools to size solar-plus-battery systems while accounting for climate change, user behavior changes, and evolving energy needs. Testing shows that open-source models reduce costs, increase flexibility, and improve confidence in rural electrification solutions compared to proprietary software.

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@article{liao-2025-off-grid-pv-systems-modelling,
  title   = {Off-grid PV systems modelling and optimisation for rural communities - leveraging understandability and interpretability of modelling tools},
  author  = {Rundong Liao and Massimiliano Manfren and Benedetto Nastasi},
  journal = {Energy},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.energy.2025.135948},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2025.135948}
}

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Off-grid PV systems modelling and optimisation for rural communities - leveraging understandability and interpretability of modelling tools
AU  - Rundong Liao
AU  - Massimiliano Manfren
AU  - Benedetto Nastasi
JO  - Energy
PY  - 2025
DO  - 10.1016/j.energy.2025.135948
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2025.135948
ER  - 

Details

DOI

10.1016/j.energy.2025.135948

Countries

United Kingdom, Italy

Regions

Europe

Categories

energy, regional-innovation-systems

Added

2026-04-28