National characteristics: innovation systems from the process efficiency perspective
Summary. This study analyzes innovation systems across 40 countries by treating them as two-stage processes: knowledge production and commercialization. Using data envelopment analysis, researchers identified efficiency levels and ranked countries by their strengths in each stage. The analysis reveals that no country excels equally at both stages, and categorizes nations into nine distinct groups based on their innovation characteristics. The findings offer policymakers benchmarks for improvement and examples of best practices to learn from.
Cite this article
Liu, J. S., Lu, W., & Ho, M. H.. (2014). National characteristics: innovation systems from the process efficiency perspective. R and D Management. https://doi.org/10.1111/radm.12067
Liu, John S., et al. “National characteristics: innovation systems from the process efficiency perspective.” R and D Management, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1111/radm.12067.
Liu, John S., Wen‐Min Lu, and Mei Hsiu‐Ching Ho. 2014. “National characteristics: innovation systems from the process efficiency perspective.” R and D Management. https://doi.org/10.1111/radm.12067.
@article{liu-2014-national-characteristics-innovation-systems-process,
title = {National characteristics: innovation systems from the process efficiency perspective},
author = {John S. Liu and Wen‐Min Lu and Mei Hsiu‐Ching Ho},
journal = {R and D Management},
year = {2014},
doi = {10.1111/radm.12067},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1111/radm.12067}
}
TY - JOUR TI - National characteristics: innovation systems from the process efficiency perspective AU - John S. Liu AU - Wen‐Min Lu AU - Mei Hsiu‐Ching Ho JO - R and D Management PY - 2014 DO - 10.1111/radm.12067 UR - https://doi.org/10.1111/radm.12067 ER -
Details
- DOI
- 10.1111/radm.12067
- Countries
- United States
- Regions
- North America
- Categories
- regional-innovation-systems, policy, general-innovation
- Added
- 2026-04-28