The Decolonized Quadruple Bottom Line: A Framework for Developing Indigenous Innovation
Summary. This paper proposes a decolonized quadruple bottom line framework for indigenous innovation and entrepreneurship. Rather than the standard triple bottom line (people, planet, profit), the authors add spirituality and culture as essential factors. The framework combines community, spirituality, sustainability, and entrepreneurship to create indigenous innovation that supports sustainable economic development for American Indian nations and communities.
Cite this article
Walters, F., & Takamura, J.. (2015). The Decolonized Quadruple Bottom Line: A Framework for Developing Indigenous Innovation. Wicazo Sa Review. https://doi.org/10.5749/wicazosareview.30.2.0077
Walters, Fonda, and John Takamura. “The Decolonized Quadruple Bottom Line: A Framework for Developing Indigenous Innovation.” Wicazo Sa Review, 2015. https://doi.org/10.5749/wicazosareview.30.2.0077.
Walters, Fonda, and John Takamura. 2015. “The Decolonized Quadruple Bottom Line: A Framework for Developing Indigenous Innovation.” Wicazo Sa Review. https://doi.org/10.5749/wicazosareview.30.2.0077.
@article{walters-2015-decolonized-quadruple-bottom-line-framework,
title = {The Decolonized Quadruple Bottom Line: A Framework for Developing Indigenous Innovation},
author = {Fonda Walters and John Takamura},
journal = {Wicazo Sa Review},
year = {2015},
doi = {10.5749/wicazosareview.30.2.0077},
url = {https://doi.org/10.5749/wicazosareview.30.2.0077}
}
TY - JOUR TI - The Decolonized Quadruple Bottom Line: A Framework for Developing Indigenous Innovation AU - Fonda Walters AU - John Takamura JO - Wicazo Sa Review PY - 2015 DO - 10.5749/wicazosareview.30.2.0077 UR - https://doi.org/10.5749/wicazosareview.30.2.0077 ER -
Details
- DOI
- 10.5749/wicazosareview.30.2.0077
- Countries
- United States
- Regions
- North America
- Categories
- indigenous-innovation, entrepreneurship, innovation-theory
- Added
- 2026-04-28